RETRACTED ARTICLE: Toxic potential of different types of sewage sludge as fertiliser in agriculture: ecotoxicological effects on aquatic and soil indicator species

Purpose Treated and processed sewage sludge (biosolids) generated during the treatment of waste water usually contain substantial concentrations of nutrients, especially phosphorus which is essential for plant growth. Sewage sludge therefore can be used as an alternative fertiliser in agriculture. But since sewage sludge could also contain pollutants, analysis and ecotoxicological tests on affected soil and streamwater organisms are necessary in order to guarantee its harmless use.