Synthesis and characterization of the novel 80S bioactive glass: bioactivity, biocompatibility, cytotoxicity

In this research, the 80S bioactive glass with different Ca/P ratios was prepared by the sol-gel route. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to study the apatite structure and shape. According to the results, the 78SiO2–17P2O5–5CaO bioglass showed a higher rate of crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) on its surface in comparison with the other bioglasses. After 3 days of immersion in the SBF solution, spherical apatite was formed on the 78SiO2–17P2O5–5CaO surface, which demonstrated high bioactivity. A statistically significant promotion in proliferation and differentiation of G292 osteoblastic cells was also observed. Regarding its optimal cell viability and bioactivity, the 78SiO2–17P2O5–5CaO bioactive glass could be offered as a promising candidate for bone tissue applications.