Electrochemical behavior of ticlopidine and detection of ethanol based on Hemoglobin/Ticlopidine/Titanium oxide NPs nanobiocomposite modified electrode

Abstract This paper presents the electrochemical behavior of ticlopidine at pH 2–9. Also, for the first time, ticlopidine-hemoglobin complex used as a mediator in Hemoglobin/Ticlopidine/Titanium oxide nanoparticles nanobiocomposite (Hem/Tic/TiO2Nps) for electrocatalytic oxidation and detection of ethanol as a toxic and volatile organic compound. Furthermore, TiO2Nps was prepared by the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of titanium alkoxides. The UV-absorption spectroscopy was used for characterized of the TiO2 nanoparticles and interaction of hemoglobin with ticlopidine. The electrocatalytical effects of the electrochemical biosensor were also studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. Under optimal conditions, ticlopidine presented a dramatical electrocatalytic behavior toward oxidation of ethanol. For proposed biosensor, linear range (40–5300 μM), detection of limit (12.1 μM) and sensitivity (0.0006 μA/μM) were obtained. This electrochemical biosensor applied to detection and determination of ethanol in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. Finally, the Hem/Tic/TiO2Nps/GC electrode showed many advantages such as simple fabrication, low detection of limit, dramatically catalytic activity and high sensitivity.