Factores relacionados con la pérdida de peso en una cohorte de pacientes obesos sometidos a bypass gástrico

Introduction: Obesity is held as the 21st Century epidemics. Multidisciplinary medical management has been insufficient and surgical techniques are more frequently used. Gastric bypass is considered the gold standard in bariatric surgery; however, some patients report low rates of weight loss, which leads to thinking about other conditioning factors. Objective: To establish the factors associated to weight loss in a cohort of obese patients submitted to gastric bypass. Methods: Analytical retrospective study. The study variable was weight loss, expressed as the percentage of excess body mass index lost (%EBMIL). A linear regression model of mixed effects was performed as well as a COX model of proportional risks. Results: 166 patients aged 19-69 years, most of them women (74.7%), were studied. The average baseline body mass index (BMI) was 46.9 ± 6.8 kg/m2 and 46.3 ± 7.7 kg/m2 for males and females, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that for each 10.0 kg/m2 in excess at the time of surgery, the PBMIEL decreased by 9.8% and that inadequate daily caloric intake decreased the PBMIEL by 4.0%. For each 10.0 kg/m2 of baseline BMI, there was a 57.8% decrease in the likelihood of achieving a 50% weight loss. Conclusions: The patients with lower weight excess according to their BMI have a better response to bariatric surgery in terms of PBMIEL.