Micro-organismos Isolados de Mastite Bovina e em Leite Cru no Brasil

O presente artigo objetivou buscar, organizar e descrever informacoes sobre micro-organismos causadores de mastite e frequentemente encontrados no leite cru. Buscou-se artigos publicados de 2009 a 2019, nas bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Google academico, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chaves: “mastite”, “bovinos”, “micro-organismos”, “leite cru” e “Brasil”. Apos a busca, foram encontrados 46 artigos sobre mastite, dos quais 16 foram selecionados. Ja sobre o leite cru, foram encontrados 82 artigos e 11 artigos foram selecionados para revisao. Os 16 artigos selecionados sobre mastite realizaram a deteccao de 7 grupos, 1 familias, 13 generos e 19 especies distintas de micro-organismos caracterizados como agentes causadores de mastite bovina em diferentes regioes do Brasil. O genero Streptococcus spp. e as especies S. agalactiae, S. uberis foram descritos com maior frequencia como agentes causadores de mastite, seguida pelo genero Staphylococcus spp. e seus grupos (coagulase positiva e negativa), bem como a especie S. aureus, genero Enterococcus spp., alem do genero Corynebacterium spp. e Escherichia coli. Nos 11 artigos que abordavam sobre leite cru, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Staphylococcus spp. e S. aureus, alem da especie Escherichia coli foram detectados com elevada frequencia. Na avaliacao da mastite e do leite visualiza-se o predominio do genero Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp, bem como outras especies, tais como Escherichia coli, o que reforca a necessidade de monitoramento constante da saude das glândulas dos animais, do manejo, da ordenha e do acondicionamento do leite obtido, assegurando assim, um produto saudavel ao consumidor final do leite e seus derivados.   Palavras-chave: Inflamacao dos Tetos de Bovinos. Mastite Bovina. Qualidade Microbiologica do Leite.   Abstract This article aimed to search, organize and describe information about microorganisms that cause mastitis and are often found in raw milk. We searched for articles published from 2009 to 2019, in the Scielo, Medline and Google academic databases, using in this investigation in the databases the following keywords: “mastitis”, “bovines”, “microorganisms”, “milk raw ”and“ Brazil ”. After the search, 46 articles on mastitis were found, of which 16 were selected. As for raw milk, 82 articles were found and 11 articles were selected for review. The 16 selected articles on mastitis detected 7 groups, 1 families, 13 genera and 19 distinct species of microorganisms characterized as causative agents of bovine mastitis in different regions of Brazil. The genus Streptococcus spp. and the species S. agalactiae, S. uberis were more frequently described as agents that cause mastitis, followed by the genus Staphylococcus spp. and its groups (positive and negative coagulase), as well as the species S. aureus, genus Enterococcus spp., in addition to the genus Corynebacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. In the 11 articles that addressed raw milk, Staphylococcus coagulase positive, Staphylococcus spp. and S. aureus, in addition to the species Escherichia coli, were detected with high frequency. In the evaluation of mastitis and milk, the predominance of the genus Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp, as well as other species, such as Escherichia coli, can be seen, which reinforces the need for constant monitoring of the health of animal glands, management, milking and conditioning the milk obtained, thus ensuring a healthy product for the final consumer of milk and milk products.  Keywords: Inflammation of Cattle Ceilings. Bovine Mastitis. Microbiological Quality of Milk.