Optimization of Functional Properties of Machine Tool Structures—a Finite Element Analysis

The accuracy and stability of machine tools depend on the effective cross stiffness between tool and workpiece. The desired cross stiffness is a function of the nature of the cutting process and the installed power on the machine tool. In a number of machine tool structures studied using finite element method, it has been observed that the use of structural members having the maximum stiffness to weight ratio need not necessarily exhibit high stiffness at toolpoint. Greater care should be taken to arrive at proper shape and orientation of the members so that local deformations, torque and deflection arms are optimised. The examples of centre lathe, slant bed lathe, planomiller, etc. have been discussed.