Characterization of two highly divergent lineages ofexfoliative toxin B-encoding plasmids revealed in impetigostrains of Staphylococcus aureus
2017
Staphylococcal epidermolytic diseases are caused by S. aureus
strains producing exfoliative toxins A and B encoded by mobile
genetic elements: plasmids and prophages. We analyzed various
etb gene-positive plasmids isolated from the impetigo strains
implicated in outbreaks of pemphigus neonatorum in Czech
maternity hospitals. Most of the plasmids were related to
archetypal plasmid pETBTY4. They shared a same core sequence,
but they differed from each other in the content of additional
DNA regions such as antibiotic resistance-encoding transposons.
The ETB plasmids of this lineage were carried by strains of
clonal complex CC121. Some of these strains also harbored
exfoliative toxin A-encoding prophages. A novel distinct type
of ETB plasmid originated from a prophageless impetigo strain
was isolated and characterized in detail. Carrying conjugative
cluster genes, as well as new variants of ETB and EDIN genes,
it could be regarded as a source of a new lineage of ETB
plasmids. Based on our findings, we have designed a helpful
detection assay, which facilitates the precise identification
of the all described types of ETB plasmids.
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