Effects of hypoglycemia index and hypoglycemia loaded diet on oxidative stress and anthropometric parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective To evaluate the effects of low blood sugar production index (LGI) combined with low blood sugar production burden (LGL) dietary intervention on blood glucose, oxidative stress and anthropometric indicators in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 150 cases of type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups, maintain the original treatment plan of two groups, 75 patients in the control group were given traditional food interchange method for dietary intervention; the experimental group of 75 patients, provide food education based on LGI+ LGI food exchange method, the time period of 3 months. Fasting blood glucose (FPG)、2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) , Glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) , Superoxide dismutase (SOD) , Malondialdehyde (MDA) , Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Body Mass Index (BMI) , Waist circumference (WC) Upper arm muscle circumference (AMC) , Triceps skin fold thickness (TSF) were observed before and after the intervention. Results There were no significant differences in blood glucose, oxidative stress and anthropometry between the two groups (P > 0.05) . After intervention, in the control group: FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, SOD, MDA, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, BMI, WC, AMC, TSF were (10.27±2.67) mmol/L, (11.51±2.54) mmol/L, (8.78±1.95)%, (322.73±51.97) kU/L, (5.80±1.76) μmol/L, (40.78±4.86) μmol/L, (19.33±4.79) μmol/L, (23.94±3.18) kg/m2, (89.57±10.23) cm, (24.10±3.01) cm, (18.38±3.79) mm respectively. In the experimental group: they were (8.76±2.77) mmol/L, (10.63±1.76) mmol/L, (7.96±1.86)%, (357.29±60.04) kU/L, (5.26±1.33) μmol/L, (44.01±7.06) μmol/L, (21.58±5.25) μmol/L, (22.93±2.75) kg/m2, (86.05±10.79) cm, (22.75±2.86) cm, (16.98±4.48) mm respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups after intervention (t=2.049-3.769, all P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the improvement of blood sugar, oxidative stress and anthropometry was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions LGI combined with LGL diet intervention is better than the traditional method of food interchange, the blood glucose, oxidative stress and anthropometric indicators have improved, which can improve treatment efficacy in type 2 diabetes and easy for home self-management. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Low glycemic index; Low glycemic load diet; Oxidative stress; Anthropometric indicators