Comparative bioavailability between two tramadol once-daily oral formulations

The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profile and oral bioavailability of Tramadol Contramid® once-daily (o.d.) 200 mg tablets (Labopharm, Canada) with that of Zytram® 200 mg tablets (Zambon, Spain), following single-dose administration in 26 healthy volunteers. The study had an open, randomized, crossover design with a 7-day wash-out. Data from 24 subjects were used for the pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. Racemic tramadol and racemic O-demethyltramadol (M1) were assayed in plasma using a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method. Primary PK parameters estimated were AUC 0-t , AUC 0-∞ , C max , C 24 h , and T max . Results were compared using an ANOVA, and the residual variability thereby obtained was used to construct the classical 90% confidence intervals. The parametric Schuirmann's test was also performed. T max was analyzed by a nonparametric approach. For both racemic tramadol and racemic O-demethyltramadol, the ANOVA showed a statistically significant formulation effect. Significantly higher values were obtained for Tramadol Contramid o.d. for all PK parameters, except for T 1/2 . For Tramadol Contramid o.d., mean tramadol plasma levels were maintained at a plateau level above 200 ng/ml from 4 to 16 h after dose, while for the reference formulation, that level was sustained from 4 to only 6 h. Consistent results for both formulations were obtained for the metabolite. At the end of the dosing interval, plasma tramadol and O-demethyltramadol concentrations were 39% and 49% higher, respectively, for Tramadol Contramid o.d. than those for Zytram (p < 0.0001). Tramadol Contramid o.d. could be considered suprabioavailable to Zytram o.d.