Sol-gel (template) synthesis of osteoplastic CaSiO3/HAp powder biocomposite: “In vitro” and “in vivo” biocompatibility assessment

Abstract The paper studies synthetic osteoplastic powder biocomposite, which is bioactive and extremely relevant for bone defect recovery in dentistry and maxillo-facial surgery. Biocomposite fabrication strategy is based on an original sol-gel (template) synthesis of the porous wollastonite containing 30 wt.% of hydroxyapatite. The way to tailor porosity in the material has been proposed involving siloxane-acrylate latex and carbon fibers as pore-forming templates. Phase formation in the composition structure has been investigated by the means of TG/DTA/DSC and XRD. SEM, low temperature nitrogen sorption, and mercury porosimetry has been used to characterize biocomposite's morphology and microstructure. “In vitro” and "In vivo" biocompatibility tests have been carried out. Histological analysis and multislice CT reveal the ability of the biocomposite to integrate into the area of the under-jaw defect (alveolar socket) of the test animal. Blood count assay shows no direct toxic influence of such implants on a living organism.