Potential roles of abnormally expressed long noncoding RNA UCA1 and Malat-1 in metastasis of melanoma.

Abstract Melanoma is a highly aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of nonprotein-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, are pervasively transcribed in the genome and are emerging as new players in tumorigenesis. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the role of six cancer-related lncRNAs in pairs of melanoma and adjacent normal tissues (ANTs). A total of 63 primary melanoma, paired ANTs, and metastatic lesions were collected in a Chinese population. Real-time PCR analysis was carried out to compare a series of cancer-related lncRNAs among primary melanoma tissues, ANTs, and metastatic lesions. In in-vitro studies, transwell migration assay was carried out to estimate the migration abilities of melanoma cells with different expression levels of urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) or metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Malat-1) lncRNAs. We found that UCA1 and Malat-1 lncRNAs were markedly more increased in melanomas than in paired ANTs (P<0.05). Melanomas at later stages (stages 3-4) showed higher expression of UCA1 lncRNA than those at early stages (stages 1-2) (P=0.455). In melanomas with lymph node metastasis, the metastatic lesions had a relatively higher expression of Malat-1 lncRNA than in paired primary tumors (P=0.414). Knockdown of UCA1 or Malat-1 lncRNA could attenuate the migrational ability of melanoma cells in in-vitro studies. Increased expression of UCA1 and Malat-1 lncRNAs might have a correlation with melanoma metastasis.