Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Post Percutaneous Interventional Procedures

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospitalization and consequently increase healthcare costs. The pathophysiology of CIN is complex, and although contrast-induced kidney injury plays a central role, other compounding factors (such as hypotension, bleeding, and atheroembolic showers into the renal arteries) are also involved. Risk stratification prior to catheterization can help identify patients at high risk for CIN and to implement preventive strategies.