Bakterije promotori biljnog rasta: značaj i primjena u suvremenoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji

In the modern agricultural production, the non-selective use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, has led to significant soil, water and air pollution. As the world's population grows, so does the need for more food, which in turn leads to the use of large amounts of chemicals that accelerate and improve the growth and development of crops. However, the continuous application of mineral fertilizers and pesticides has led to a reduction in soil fertility, its damage, low agricultural productivity, loss of biodiversity, adverse economic consequences and serious environmental hazards. In order to restore the balance in the economical and ecological aspect of agricultural production, a possible solution is visible in the application of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). PGPBs stimulate plant growth and development through various direct and indirect mechanisms. The most well-known genera of bacteria such as Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Rhizobium have shown the widest positive spectrum of action on the growth and development of various plant species by increasing nutrient and water supply, increasing chlorophyll content, increasing tolerance to abiotic stress, increasing the assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus and total plant biomass.