Blepharospasm, Hemifacial Spasm and Functional Applications of Neurotoxins in the Periocular Area:

The therapeutic use of botulinum toxin (BTX) for periocular area pathologies is repeatable, safe and temporarily effective. BTX applications for the treatment of eyelid retraction, entropion, blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm, lagophthalmos due to facial paralysis, apraxia of eyelid opening and synkinetic eyelid movements and functional epiphora are reviewed.