Single and mixed inoculations of ponderosa pine with fungal associates of Dendroctonus spp.

Small ponderosa pines (10-25 cm in diameter at breast height) were inoculated with single and paired isolates of Leptographium terebrantis and Ceratocystis ips from Dendroctonus valens and single and paired isolates of C. minor and C. nigrocarpa from D. brevicomis. The radial depth of sapwood occlusion at sites of inoculation was assayed by standing 25- to 35-cm-long stem sections in solutions of Fast Green dye and observing patterns of nonconduction after 24 hr