Trajectory and prospect of China’sprataculture
2015
Pratacultural science refers to the study of grassland agriculture,
which is a branch of agricultural science. It was not until 1980s
that the modern prataculture took shape in China although the country
has a long history of grassland agriculture. China has developed its
own discipline system of pratacultural science in assimilating the
academic tradition of Europe, North America and Russia. The pratacultural
science of China consists of the studies of three major parts, namely
the three factor groups (the biotic, abiotic and social factor groups),
three interfaces (the plant-land interface, the pasture-livestock
interface and the pasture/animal-market interface), and four production
subsystems (the pre-plant production, the plant production, the animal
production and the post-biotic production subsystems). The functioning
of pratacultural science is maintained by its multidimensional structure.
In the past three decades, the consumption of cereals as food by Chinese
people has been declining while that of food of animal origin has
been increasing rapidly, leading to a sharp increase in the demand
for feed and forage crops. Grassland agriculture, with its main outputs
based on vegetative growth rather than reproductive growth of plants,
is more efficient as well as more ecological than the arable agriculture
only relying on grain production. Grassland agriculture is bound to
gradually replace the traditional arable agriculture in China, becoming
the main stream of the agriculture of China, and thus to mitigate
the problems in China’s agricultural development. With the
demand by the society and the unprecedented support from the national
government, China’s modern pratacultural science has a never-had
opportunity for its develop. Currently China is at a leading position
in some research areas of pratacultural science in the world.
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