Impacts of low-frequency noise from industrial sources in residential areas

Abstract The World Health Organisation classifies Low-frequency noise (LFN) as an environmental problem that causes various health impacts. Industrial sites and activities are among the various identified sources of LFN. However, industrial noise has been more studied on higher frequencies than lower frequencies. To fill this gap, this paper evaluates the impacts of LFN emitted by industrial sources in neighbouring residential areas. The method was supported by a quantitative evaluation by using three indicators: L10–L90, dB(C)–dB(A) and the tonal characteristics of the sound. This quantitative evaluation was complemented by a qualitative assessment supported by a questionnaire addressed to the residents living near the industrial sources. The study was carried out in two industrial parks in Guimaraes, Portugal. The quantitative evaluation showed that industrial activities were a source of LFN, but the low-frequency content of the noise was not very significant. The noise had fluctuating characteristics and was found to be tonal in one location. In turn, the complementary qualitative evaluation revealed that residents felt disturbed and linked effects such as stress, irritability, and sleepiness to noise. The study provides new insights into the impact that LFN may produce in residential areas located near industrial plants and highlights the need of adopting effective planning policies to prevent residential areas from industrial noise.