Remote Proxy V2V Messaging Using IPv6 and GeoNetworking

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) messaging plays an important role in cooperative intelligent transportation systems (CITS), which are advanced applications addressing the problems of road transport management. In this regard, the Cooperative Awareness Message (CAM) protocol is standardized in EU for V2V messaging. However, V2V messages work well only when all vehicles have transmitters and work well in short range and no obstacle. To solve the former problem, the existance of the non-ITS road users, in the early deployment phase, we previously proposed a system called Proxy CAM, wherein roadside sensors detect target vehicles and transmit V2V messages on behalf of the vehicles. However, the V2V transmission range is still limited to the wireless range of IEEE802.11p. Therefore, in this study, we propose a system that delivers CAMs over the Internet using UDP/IPv6 and LTE in addition to the standard specification (i.e., the Basic Transportation Protocol/GeoNetworking and IEEE802.11p). Moreover, we implement the cellular network component of the system and evaluate its performance in terms of the packet delivery ratio and packet delay for various distances and packet frequencies. In our evaluation, we define the average Proxy CAM update delay and calculate this parameter for both IEEE802.11p and LTE. We find that using LTE over long distances is more efficient than using IEEE802.11p.