Much more visible now are the inequalities that have always existed in our system and much clearer the need for stronger state intervention.

Dr Armando De Negri Filho is an epide-miologist whose work has centered on development and maintenance of Brazil's universal healthcare system. Along with his training in epidemiology, Dr De Negri has a specialty in emergency medicine and a PhD involving research focused on policy, planning, economics and health systems management. In addition to his other responsibilities, he serves as an expert on the right to development for the UN Human Rights Council. He spoke with MEDICC Review from his hometown in Porto Alegre.