Inmunofenotipos en sangre periférica de niños mexicanos en edad preescolar: valores de referencia

espanolEl sistema inmunologico durante el desarrollo humano sufre cambios por madurez y exposicion a antigenos. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar poblaciones leucocitarias y subpoblaciones linfocitarias en ninos sanos.Se obtuvo sangre periferica para identificar leucocitos, celulas de memoria (CD45+RO+) y efectoras.Se analizaron 102 preescolares; los de cuatro a cinco anospresentaron disminucion de leucocitos y celulas virgenes (CD4+CD45RA+)con relacion a los de 6 a 24 meses. Los ninos de 25 a 48 meses mostraron disminucion en CD8+CD45RA+, comparandolos con ninos de 6 a 24 meses. Las natural Killer incrementaron en el grupo de 25 a 48 meses. Otras subpoblaciones aumentadas fueron CD8+, CD3+CD45RO+ y CD4+CD45RO+ en ninos de 49 a 60 meses. En los de 25 a 48 meses, CD4+CD45RA+CD45RO+, CD8+CD45RA+CD45RO+ y CD8+CD45RO+ se encontraron aumentadas. Se concluye que las poblaciones de leucocitos y de linfocitos mostraron cambios estadisticamente significativos en ninos preescolares mexicanos,respecto a la cronologia de sus edades. EnglishThe immune system during human development undergoes changes due to maturity and exposure to antigens. The objective of this study is to evaluate leukocyte populations and lymphocyte subpopulations in health children.Peripheral blood was obtained to identify leukocytes, memory (CD45RO+) and effector cells. A total of 102 preschoolers were analyzed; those from four to five yearspresented a decrease in leukocytes and naive cells (CD4+CD45RA),in relation to children from six to 24 months. Children from 25 to 48 months showed a decrease in CD8+ CD45RA+, compared to children aged 6 to 24 months. The Natural Killer ncreased in the group from 25 to 48 months. Other increased subpopulations were CD8+, CD3+CD45RO+, and CD4+CD45RO+ in children aged 49 to 60 months. In those from 25 to 48 months, the CD4+CD45RA+CD45RO+, CD8+CD45RA+CD45RO+, and CD8+CD45RO+ were found to be increased. As a conclusion, the populations of leukocytes and lymphocytes showed statistically significantchanges, regarding the chronology of their ages of Mexican children.