YOĞUN BAKIM HASTALARI ALT SOLUNUM YOLU ÖRNEKLERİNDE İZOLE EDİLEN Acinetobacter baumannii VE Pseudomonas aeruginosa SUŞLARININ ANTİMİKROBİYAL DİRENÇ PROFİLİNİN VE RİSK FAKTÖRLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Aim: Intensive care units (ICUs) are the most common units where hospital infections take place mostly due to both the characteristics of the patients, the administered treatment, and invasive procedures. ICU’s are one of the most common departments of the hospital where pneumonia takes place. In lower respiratory tract infections often; Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter bacteria are isolated as pathogens. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa rate, antimicrobial resistance profile, and the factors affecting prognosis in the lower respiratory tract samples of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: In our retrospective study, 505 patients in the tertiary intensive care unit and a total of 2740 non-fermentative gram negative bacterials trains isolated from the lower respiratory tract samples of these patients were included. Identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of isolates were studied with Phoenix TM 100 (BD, USA) according to EUCAST standards. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of the patients were obtained from the hospital automation system. SPPS 20.0 statistics package program was used to evaluate the data. Variables were used as mean ± standard deviation and Median (Maximum-Minimum) percentage and frequency values. p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 560 P.aeruginosa and 694 A.baumannii were isolated out of 2740 tracheal aspirate samples. The most resistant antibiotics were amikacin and gentamicin for P.aeruginosa strains and on the other hand ciprofloxacin and carbapenem group antibiotics were the most resistant ones for A. Baumannii strains. There was a statistically significant difference in intubation, length of stay and prognosis between Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas groups. Conclusion: One of the most important issues are the lower tract infections and antimicrobial resistance in ICUs. The demographic data, underlying disorders of the patients and extended spectrum antibiotic use have contributed to antibiotic resistance and because of this the estimation of the antimicrobial profile is essential in cases when there is no time to wait for the antisusceptibility results and immediately begin empirical treatment.