Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Current Status in Treatment of GI and Liver Disease

Fecal microbiota transplantation was originally introduced as a method to repair intestinal microbiota following failure of multiple treatments of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection with antibiotics. However, it is hypothesized that intestinal dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases, especially those involving the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, fecal microbiota transplantation is increasingly being explored as a potential treatment that aims to optimize microbiota composition and functionality. Here, we review the current state of fecal microbiota transplantation development and applications in conditions of greatest interest to a gastroenterologist.