Pupil mask diversity for image correction in microscopy

Three-dimensional microscopy suffers from sample-induced aberrations that reduce the resolution and lead to misinterpretations of the object distribution. In this paper, the resolution of a three-dimensional fluorescent microscope is significantly improved by introducing an amplitude diversity in the form of a binary amplitude mask positioned in several di erent orientations within the pupil, followed by computer processing of the diversity images. The method has proved to be fast, easy to implement, and cost-e ective in high-resolution imaging of casper fli:GFP zebrafish.