International overview and assessment

Acidic Precipitation Research in Canada.- I. Introduction.- II. Atmospheric Studies.- III. Terrestrial Effects Studies.- IV. Aquatic/Catchment Studies.- V. Summary.- References.- Acidic Precipitation in Japan.- I. Introduction.- II. Geographical Characteristics of the Japanese Islands.- III. Changes in Surveys of Acidic Precipitation Constituents.- IV. Health Effects Episodes.- V. Kanto Area Survey of Pollution Mechanisms.- VI. Wide-Area Surveys of Fallout of Acidic Materials.- VII. Effect on Vegetation (Japanese Red Cedar).- VIII. Summary.- IX. Further Topics for Investigation.- References.- Acidic Precipitation and Forest Damage Research in Austria.- I. Introduction: Air Pollution, Acidic Precipitation, and Forest Damage in Austria.- II. Environmental Data Research: Air Quality, Deposition, and Forest Damage Monitoring.- III. The Forest Damage Research Program.- IV. Summary.- References.- Acidification Research in the Federal Republic of Germany.- I. Introduction.- II. Research on the Effects of Air Pollution.- III. Air Quality Monitoring Oriented Research.- IV. Air Quality Monitoring in the Federal Republic of Germany.- References.- Acidic Precipitation Research in The Netherlands.- I. Introduction.- II. Air Pollution Climate in The Netherlands.- III. Organization of Acidic Precipitation Research.- IV. Dutch Priority Program on Acidification.- V. Related Programs and Projects.- VI. Forest Damage Inventory.- VII. Other Observed Effects.- VIII. Some Conclusions.- References.- Anthropogenic Acidification of Precipitation in the USSR.- I. Natural Acidity of Rain.- II. Anthropogenic Emissions into the Atmosphere.- III. Air Pollution Concentrations.- IV. Atmospheric Processes.- V. Air Pollution with Heavy Metals.- VI. Acidic Deposition in the USSR.- References.- Atmospheric Acidic Deposition and Its Environmental Effect in Hungary.- I. Introduction.- II. Emission of Sulphur and Nitrogen Oxides.- III. Chemical Transformation of Primary Air Pollutants.- IV. Transport of Acidic Atmospheric Air Pollutants.- V. Acidic Deposition.- VI. Effect of Acidic Deposition on the Environment in Hungary.- VII. Conclusion.- References.- Acidic Precipitation Research in Poland.- I. Introduction.- II. The Chemical Composition of Rainfall and the Degree of Its Acidification.- III. The Impact of Acidic Precipitation on Soil Acidification.- References.- Acidic Precipitation Research in Italy.- I. Introduction.- II. Main Monitoring Networks.- III. Rainfall Climatology and Chemical Studies.- IV. Other Activities Undertaken and Future Research Needs.- V. Brief Outline of Studies on the Effects of Acidic Deposition in Italy.- VI. A Policy for Conservation of the Environment and Cultural Heritage.- References.- Development of Forest Damage and Air Pollution in Switzerland and Initiation of a Relevant National Research Program.- I. Introduction.- II. Forest Damage Situation.- III. Air Pollution Situation.- IV. A National Research Program: "Forest Damage and Air Pollution in Switzerland".- References.- Acidic Precipitation Research in Finland.- I. Introduction.- II. Emissions.- III. Atmospheric Processes.- IV. Air Quality and Deposition Monitoring.- V. Aquatic Effects.- VI. Forest Effects.- VII. Summary and Conclusions for Policy Recommendations.- References.- Acidic Precipitation Research in France.- I. Introduction.- II. A Brief Historical Rundown of Research into Acidic Rain.- III. The Structure and Goals of the DEFORPA Program.- IV. The First Result of the DEFORPA Program.- V. Conclusions on the Role of Acidic Precipitation in Forest Decline.- References.