НАПРЯМИ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЇ КОМІСІЇ ДОПОМОГИ ДІТЯМ В УКРАЇНІ (1922–1932 рр.)

The state and public nature of development of the modern education system involves a combination of activities of the state and the public (commissions, committees, councils, public organizations) concerning social-cultural support of children. Taking this into consideration, it seems reasonable to study the experience of organizations that successfully solved children‟s educational, social and cultural problems. The Central Commission for Assistance to Children was one of them. It worked in Ukraine in 1922- 1932 to consolidate the efforts of society in the fight against child homelessness, improve the work of children‟s institutions, catering etc. The aim of the article is to reveal the directions of activities of the Central Commission for Assistance to Children. In order to carry out this study, the authors have used a set of research methods. They are general scientific methods (historicalpedagogical analysis, generalization, retrospective, chronological), historicalstructural, comparative, retro-praximetric, problem-target and prognostic research methods. The groups of children which the Central Commission for Assistance to Children worked with have been identified. They are: children from famine-stricken regions, homeless children, children of unemployed parents, children-orphans, children from the movement of young Leninists, children of the members of committees of poor peasants, children who left orphanages by age and sick children. The main directions of activities of the Central Commission for Assistance to Children have been generalized in the article. They are: maintenance of children's institutions; providing grants and support to the departments of public education, health care, districts and young Leninists; re-evacuation of children; providing individual assistance; children‟s individual patronage; fight against child homelessness; protection of motherhood and childhood. The sources of income of the Central Commission for Assistance to Children have been determined. They are: taxes and other local fees; donations and charges; sale of stamps, badges, flags, newspapers and brochures; profits from subsidiaries; fees and charges of the public organization “The Friends of Children”; lotteries and casinos; budget allocations from the Department of Health Care and the Department of Public Education; funds of workers and other organizations; unearned taxes. The prospects for introduction of positive experience of the Central Commission for Assistance to Children in modern educational practice have been outlined. They 45 are: providing a comprehensive approach to solving children‟s social and educational-cultural problems by educational institutions, teachers, parents and public organizations; strengthening cooperation between the state and public organizations concerning socio-cultural provision of children; awareness of the value of child and childhood by adults; increasing the requirements for teachers; establishing interaction between educational institutions and parents.