Miliary pattern, a classic pulmonary finding of Tuberculosis disease
2020
Abstract Introduction The increase in age of the population and in the use of immunosuppressive treatment makes tuberculosis (TB) with hematogenous or lymphatic dissemination a current problem. Methods We collected all the patients diagnosed with tuberculosis with miliary pulmonary pattern at the Santiago de Compostela University Teaching Hospital (NW Spain) from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2015. Results A total of 27 patients were included, 70.4% women, with a median age of 69.0 years old. A cause of immunosuppression was observed only in 51.9% of patients. The majority of the cases (65.0%) presented pulmonary affectation. The most frequently isolated species was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (88.9%). Multiresistance to first-line antituberculosis drugs was observed only in 3.7%. 92.6% of the patients received treatment with Isoniazid, Rifampicin and Pyrazinamine, associated in 48.1% of them with Ethambutol. Two patients died during admission and there were no recurrences in the 2-years follow-up. Conclusions Miliary tuberculosis remains a current pathology. Most patients do not have a known cause of known immunosuppression. The response to the typical treatment is usually good.
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