Particle Transport in the Zebra Mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas)

The capture, transport, and sorting of particles by the gills and labial palps of the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha were examined by endoscopy and video image analysis. More specifically, the morphology of the feeding organs in living zebra mussels was described; the mode and speeds of particle transport on the feeding organs was measured; and the sites of particle selection in the pallial cavity were identified. Particle velocities (outer demibranch lamellae, 90 microm s(-1); inner demibranch lamellae, 129 microm s(-1); marginal food groove of inner demibranchs, 156 microm s(-1); dorsal ciliated tracts, 152 microm s(-1)), as well as the movement of particles on the ctenidia and labial palps of D. polymorpha, are consistent with mucociliary, rather than hydrodynamic, transport. Particles can be sorted on the ctenidia of zebra mussels, resulting in a two-layer transport at the marginal food groove of the inner demibranch. That is: preferred particles are transported inside the marginal groove prop...