Simultaneous determination of paracetamol and Dopamine, and detection of bisphenol a using Three-dimensional interconnected porous carbon functionalized with ionic liquid

Abstract In this work, three-dimensional interconnected porous carbon (3DIPC) materials were successfully prepared by a simple one-step pyrolysis reaction from sodium citrate. Then, the 3DIPC was combined with 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium tertrafluoroborate [(VEIM)BF4] and ultrasonicated to form 3DIPC-ionic liquid (3DIPC-IL). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to determine the structure and morphology of the 3DIPC and 3DIPC-IL. The fabricated 3DIPC-IL chitosan coated glassy carbon modified electrode (3DIPC-IL/CS/GCE) displayed good electrocatalytic activity toward paracetamol (PA), dopamine (DA), and bisphenol A (BPA). Using this technique, PA and DA can be detected simultaneously and BPA can be detected as well. Under ideal conditions, the sensor displays two linear ranges of 1.0 to 200 μM and 200 to 700 μM for PA and of 1.0 to 100 μM and 100 to 500 μM for DA. In addition, a linear range of 2.0 to 100.0 μM was established for BPA. The detection limits of PA, DA, and BPA were determined to be 0.58 μM, 0.13 μM, and 0.028 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. The 3DIPC-IL/CS/GCE also exhibits high sensitivity, good stability, and good selectivity for the determination of PA, DA, and BPA.