Hemoglobinopatias: investigação em sangue periférico de acadêmicos de uma universidade de Alfenas - MG

The human hemoglobins (Hb) are globular tetramers formed by combination of two polypeptide chains of “type α” with two chains of “type β”, being Hb A1, Hb A2 and Fetal Hb the main types of hemoglobins in normal adult. The hemoglobinopathies are diseases with mutations that affect the gens of globins, which result on structural changes and/or hemoglobin molecular function changes. Among the hemoglobin varies, the most frequent in Brazilian population are the hemoglobin S and C. The goal is to detect abnormal hemoglobins at an academic population of Alfenas-MG. To carry out we collected 336 samples of peripheral blood. Which were hemolyzed with saponin and chloroform. Next, it was accomplished the electrophoresis of hemoglobin in alkali pH for qualification of normal and most of the abnormal hemoglobins. The confirmation of hemoglobin S was made by sickle cell test. Of the total of samples analyzed, 97.62% (n=328) were compatible with hemoglobins AA, and 2.38% (n=8) were compatible with hemoglobins AS (sickle cell trait). In Brazil, the average prevalence of Hb AS is close to 2% in the total population. Therefore, the results found in the present study confirm those described in the Brazilian population.