Bi-doped fiber amplifiers for ultra-wideband optical communication systems

Bismuth (Bi)-doped fibers provide great potential for developing optical amplifiers in the low-loss transmission window, 1250-1650nm, of silica fibers. In this paper, we review recent progress of Bi-doped fiber amplifiers (BDFAs) covering 1345-1460nm spectral region. We also present the BDFA performance at different ambient temperatures.