Abnormal values of trace elements and blood metals in patients with metabolic syndrome, depending on its components

Aim. To study the level of “toxic” (Al, Cd, Pb) and “essential” (Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni, and Se) trace elements (TE) and blood metals (BM) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), depending on its individual components. Materials and methods. 112 patients with MS were examined (45 men and 67 women; average age 61.4±7.2 years, average duration of MS 8.7±5.2 years). The study of BM was carried out by atomic emission spectrophotometry with inductively coupled plasma . Results and discussion. To study the amount of TE and BM in the group of MS patients,it was significantly higher levels of “toxic” MEs - Al, Cd, Pb - were revealed along with a decrease in the content of the “essential” Zn element as compared to the control group. At the same time, a pronounced positive correlation between the fact of the presence of MS and the level of “toxic” microelements - Al (r=0.71; p<0.05), Cd (r=0.76; p<0.05) and Pb (r=0.67; p<0.05). We studied the content of TE and BM depending on dyslipidemia. An analysis of the relationship between the BM level and total cholesterol showed a significant positive correlation with the content of Cu (r=0.52; p<0.05), Fe (r=0.30; p<0.05), Cr (r=0.25; p<0.05), Al (r=0.34; p<0.05), Pb (r=0.43; p<0.05), Cd (r=0.34; p<0.05) and negative with Zn (r=-0.24; p<0.05). When comparing the concentrations of TE and BM in individuals suffering from MS in groups with impaired carbohydrate metabolism and with normal glycemia, statistically significant differences were revealed with respect to 7 chemical elements. Significantly higher levels of Fe, Cu, Cr, Al, Cd, Pb and low Zn were obtained in MS patients with hyperglycemia when compared with patients without hyperglycemia. Conclusion. In patients with MS, the level of Zn was significantly reduced and the level of Al, Cd, Pb was increased. In this case, a direct correlation between the content of Fe, Cu, Cr, Al, Pb, Cd and the levels of total cholesterol, LDL and TG and an inverse relationship with the level of Zn was revealed. A significant increase in the levels of Fe, Cu, Cr, Al, Pb, Cd and a decrease in the level of Zn in MS patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism were noted.