ПРОБЛЕМА НАРУШЕНИЙ ПИСЬМА И ЧТЕНИЯ У ДЕТЕЙ: ДАННЫЕ ВСЕРОССИЙСКОГО ОПРОСА

The article describes the main results of a sociological survey of the Russian population (2,516 respondents), as well as of professional audience (32,406 employees of educational institutions) on the problem of dyslexia and dysgraphia in children. We studied the level of awareness and attitude to the difficulties of writing and reading skills training. The survey was carried out by telephone and with online questionnaire. The results show an extremely low awareness of the population (including modern parents) about dyslexia / dysgraphia, which creates the risk of failure to provide timely assistance to children, leads to social maladaptation and missed opportunities for timely help. The pre-test probability of writing and reading impairments is rated as high by the vast majority of professional audiences. However, school experts consider staffing insufficient: they say there is a shortage of speech therapists, psychologists and defectologists to attend children. A survey of teachers confirms that only a third of children having impairments are assisted sufficiently. Every fifth respondent said that assistance was not provided at all. Only half of school personnel consider themselves prepared to work with children having writing and reading impairments. The overwhelming majority of the population and professional audience are sure that children having dyslexia and dysgraphia are quite capable of mastering the school curriculum together with their peers subject to having additional classes with a speech therapist and psychologist. The more respondents know about the problem, the less likely they will be prepared to shift the blame on the child, instead be more prepared for taking-over the situation, cooperation and help.