Deficiências nutricionais na cirurgia bariátrica

Objetivo: tentar entender como as deficiencias nutricionais no paciente pos-operatorio a cirurgia bariatrica impactam a saude oral e periodontal. Material e metodos: uma pesquisa na base de dados PubMed com os termos "by-pass gastrico e doencas periodontais", "cirurgia bariatrica e deficiencias nutricionais", e "saude bucal e obesidade" tentando esclarecer a relacao com doenca periodontal e as deficiencias nutricionais. Resultados: foi realizada uma revisao de artigos sobre o fato da cirurgia bariatrica ser um procedimento cirurgico indicado para o tratamento da obesidade morbida e promover alteracao da anatomia gastrintestinal, levando a perda de peso, diminuindo a absorcao de acucares, gorduras e outros nutrientes importantes, como vitaminas A, C, D, B12, calcio e ferro, responsaveis pela regulacao de muitas funcoes criticas no organismo e participantes efetivos na producao de colageno e matriz ossea. Conclusao: a cavidade oral sofre complicacoes em vista dessa nova situacao, e os dentistas precisam entender como essas deficiencias podem afetar na doenca periodontal, a fim de desenvolver estrategias de prevencao e tratamento para este novo grupo de populacao. Objective: the aim of this article is try to understand how the nutritional deficiencies in the post-operative patient submitted to bariatric surgery impact on oral and periodontal health. Material and methods: a survey in PubMed database with these terms "gastric by-pass and periodontal diseases", "bariatric surgery and nutritional deficiencies" and "oral health and obesity" was done trying to clarify the relationship with periodontal disease. Results: bariatric surgery is a surgical procedure indicated for the treatment of morbid obesity and promotes an alteration of gastrointestinal anatomy leading to a marked weight loss by decreasing the absorption of sugars and fats, but other important nutrients such as decreased absorption of vitamins A, C, D, B12, calcium and iron, which are also responsible for the regulation of many critical functions in organism, and effectively participate in the production of collagen and bone matrix and an overview of papers about this topic was conducted. Conclusion: the oral cavity suffers complications from this new situation and dentists need to understand how these deficiencies may impact on periodontal disease in order to develop treatment and prevention strategies for this new population group.