Reframing malnutrition in all its forms: A critique of the tripartite classification of malnutrition

Abstract Within conventional scientific and policy analyses of malnutrition in all its forms, three forms of malnutrition are commonly distinguished: under-nutrition, micronutrient deficiencies and over-weight/obesity. This paper will identify and critically analyse the key features, limitations and consequences of this tripartite classification and the tripartite paradigm of malnutrition. Within this paradigm, the three forms of malnutrition are defined as being nutritionally and biologically specific; as essentially separate and distinct; as internally uniform and singular; and as decontextualized and de-socialised conditions. It is argued that this classification and framing legitimizes and promotes narrowly-focused policies, technological and commodified solutions and political and commercial interests. The paper concludes with notes towards an alternative framing of malnutrition.