Effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation on preterm infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome

Objective To investigate the effect of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation on preterm infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome and to evaluate the neurodevelopment.Methods One hundred and nine preterm infants with birth weight less than 1500 g,and severe respiratory distress syndrome,were randomly divided into treatment group of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)and the control group of conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV),after application of ventilator for 2 hours,arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) /inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio ＜ 200,the pulmonary surfactant (Curosurf 100-200 mg/kg) was given.The primary outcomes were surfactant applications,pneumothorax,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,intracranial hemorrhage and mortality were observed,the neural development was evaluated at 18th month for the survivors.Results Among the 109 patients studied,5 cases abandoned the treatment,7 cases died,30 cases were lost,and 79 cases had relevant information when they were 18 months of age.During hospitalization,the application of pulmonary surfactant,pneumothorax,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in HFOV group were lower than those in CMV group,there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in cerebral palsy,deafness or blindness between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05) ; There was significant difference in the incidence of MDI ＜ 70,HFOV group was less than CMV group.Conclusions High frequency oscillatory ventilation can improve the prognosis of severe respiratory distress preterm children,and without serious complication. Key words: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation;  Respiratory distress syndrome;  Preterm infants ;  Neurodevelopment