Structured illumination microscopy for see-and-treat decision making in localized prostate cancer therapy

Accurate detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer remains challenging even with MRI fusion ultrasound biopsy procedures. These challenges contribute to diagnostic errors that can lead to repeat procedures. This study explores the application of ex vivo structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to generate pathology images of fresh biopsies to inform diagnostic decisions. Samples from the lesion of interest and a benign area of each patient were obtained, stained with fluorescent H&E analog dyes, imaged on a custom SIM system and diagnosed by a pathologist. This procedure could be extrapolated to a “see-and-treat” paradigm for localized prostate cancer ablation in the future.