Non-isothermal facilitated transport III. Determination and prediction of simplified phenomenological direct and cross coefficicients. Heat and/or mass driven transports

The tentative evaluation of the linear phenomenological coefficients relative to the non-isothermal facilitated transport of orthoboric acid in solution (liquid system) and carbon dioxide (gas) through synthetic ion exchange membranes, using counterions as carriers, was investigated. In the absence of significant volume flow or electromigration, linear flux equations for heat and mass transport as a function of the two driving forces, heat and chemical potential gradients, were proposed. Constant or linearly dependent direct and cross phenomenological coefficients were evaluated considering the difference of non-isothermal and isothermal transports. Moreover it was shown that for facilitated mechanisms without leakage, all the coefficients can be predicted from a single coefficient, e.g. from the isothermal mass flux, if the heat of association ΔH of the carrier with the transported species is known. Amplification of flux, antagonism of the forces, heat or mass pumps were described and compared with existing data including predictions based on equilibria. Efficient second generation experimentation is proposed.