Exploration of Early Childhood Literacy Ability based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Strong early literacy skills will affect children's thinking skills in the future. The results of existing research indicate that learning in schools has not been able to make this happen. This research is a survey research to see the gap between children's literacy skills in the field and expected literacy abilities. So that it will be seen the components that can affect the literacy abilities of children aged 5-6 years. Currently, there are not many studies examining the influence of literacy components in developing children's literacy, because many researchers consider that all components are important. Therefore, a deeper study is needed to see the components that affect the development of children's literacy. The expected literacy ability is expert judgment which has been validated using the Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP). The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The data collection techniques used were observation and questionnaires. The population in this study used simple random sampling. Respondents in this study were 150 children aged 5-6 years. The results showed that the children's ability to understand language components was 6.76%, phonological awareness reached 5.73%, basic reading skills 6.5%, basic writing skills 7.8%, and children's motivation in reading 3.37%, so it can be concluded that based on the components of children's early literacy skills, the accumulated age of 5-6 years has only reached 30.16% of the expected. The contribution of this research is to determine the appropriate literacy stimulation for children.