Interaction between exogenous insulin, endogenous insulin, and glucose in type 2 diabetes patients.

Abstract Background: Little is known about the influence of exogenous insulin and actual glucose levels on the release of endogenous insulin in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study investigated the interaction among serum endogenous insulin (s-EI), serum exogenous insulin aspart (s-IAsp), and blood glucose levels in an experimental short-term crossover design. Study Design and Methods: Eight T2DM patients (63.52 years old; range, 49–69 years; mean body mass index, 28.8±3.8 kg/m2) were randomized to treatment with individual fixed doses of insulin aspart (0.5–1.5 IU/h) as a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) during a 10-h period on two occasions with different duration of hyperglycemia: (1) transient hyperglycemia for 2 h (visit TH) and (2) continuous hyperglycemia for 12 h (visit CH). Results: During steady state the variances of plasma glucose (p-glucose), s-IAsp, and s-EI were equal within visit TH and within visit CH, but variances were significantly higher ...