Hypocholesterolemia in acute myelogenous leukemia.

Plasma-cholesterol concentrations were determined in 85 acute myelogenous leukemia patients. Measurements were repeated in 28 cases during remission. Mean plasmacholesterol concentration (± SD) at diagnosis was 3.95 mmol/l (± 1.29). 47 patients (55.3%) had hypocholesterolemia (< 3.87 mmoi/l). Among the main clinical, hematologic and biochemical parameters, only high leukocyte counts were correlated with hypocholesterolemia. As far the FAB subtypes are concerned, the lowest cholesterol levels were observed in leukemias with monocytic component. However, although the same FAB subtypes showed significantly higher leucocytes counts than the other subtypes, both parameters were independently related to low cholesterol levels. Remission was associated with a significant increase in cholesterol levels in those patients with low cholesterol concentrations or high leukocyte counts at diagnosis. These results support the idea that initial hypocholesterolemia in acute myelogenous leukemia is related to the tumoral mass present at diagnosis.