Chromosome variation of pollen mother cell of pollen-derived plants in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Investigations on chromosome variation of PMC in 72 pollen-derived plants (H_1) are carried out and the chromosome stability of pollen-derived plants in wheat is explored. According to the ploidy status of 72 pollen-derived plants, they may be classified into five types: 3x, 6x, 8x, 6x-2 (nullisomics) and mixoploids.Among 72 pollen-derived plants, 87.5% are 3x and 6x plants. This result evidently coincides with the observation made in the chromosome variation of somatic cells of pollenderived plants in wheat. The stability of chromosome configuration in diploids is also obsorved. Therefore, anther culture methods may be directly applied to a phant breeding programm.In about 10% of heteroploids and aneuploids obtained by us, several nullisomical, octoploidy and mixoploidy plants set seeds. Production and application of these heteroploids and aneuploids are discussed. It is suggested that new types of chromosome variant plants may be obtained by means of anther culture method.