Filtering and sampling device for microorganisms at deep-sea hydrothermal vent

The invention discloses a filtering and sampling device for microorganisms at a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. The filtering and sampling device comprises a front-end collection tube, a suction pump, a plurality of filtering tanks and a controller. A water suction opening of the suction pump is fixedly connected with the front-end collection tube through a connecting hose, a water outlet of the suction pump is fixedly connected with all the filtering tanks through a multiway electromagnetic valve, a temperature sensor is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the front-end collection tube, liquid outlets are formed in the tail ends of the filtering tanks, one-way valves for preventing external liquid from flowing back into the filtering tanks are fixedly arranged at the liquid outlets, a plurality of filtering membranes are sequentially fixedly arranged from inlets to the liquid outlets in the cavities of the filtering tanks, the filtering apertures of the filtering membranes are sequentially reduced, and the temperature sensor and the multiway electromagnetic valve are respectively electrically connected with the controller. The filtering and sampling device can be used for sampling a number of microorganisms at the hydrothermal vent during once submergence operation and is simple in structure, convenient to process and manufacture, low in cost and high in working efficiency.