TRO U B LE-S H OOTl NG E ARTH-TO-N E UTRAL VOLTAGE

Neutral-to-earth voltages which are produced by a farm electrical system, and those which are produced off the farm are discussed. If a company is to provide a service to investigate neutral-to-earth voltage on a farm, policy decisions are necessary before providing such a service. A test is described which will indicate if there is a voltage which is reaching animals at a location on a farm. A procedure is suggested which can be used to identify the major sources of neutral-to-earth voltage. Mitigation techniques are covered in detail for reducing neutral-to-earth voltages.