Effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium in female rats during gestating and lactating on reproductive performance and the intestinal barrier functions in the progeny

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na 2 ) supplementation on the reproductive performance and intestinal barrier functions of gestating and lactating female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats and their offspring. Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na 2 increased the number of implanted embryos per litter during gestation and lactation at GD 20 and increased the number of viable fetuses per litter, and the weight of uterine horns with fetuses increased at 1 d of newborn. The mRNA expression levels of catalase ( CAT ), glutathione peroxidase ( GPx2 ), superoxide dismutase ( SOD1 ), solute carrier family 2 member 1 ( Slc2a1 ) and solute carrier family 2 member 3 ( Slc2a3 ) in the placenta were increased with dietary PQQ·Na 2 supplementation. Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na 2 in gestating and lactating rats increased the CAT, SOD and GPx activities of the jejunal mucosa of weaned rats on PD 21. Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na 2 in female rats affected the expression of tight junction proteins ( claudin, zonula occludens-1 ( ZO-1 ) and occludin ) in the jejunal mucosa of their offspring by increasing the expression of ZO-1 mRNA in the expression of ZO-1 and claudin mRNA in the jejunal mucosa of weaned rats on PD 21. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na 2 in gestating and lactating female rats had positive effects on their reproductive performance and on the intestinal barrier of weaned rats.