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Printmaking

Printmaking is the process of creating artworks by printing, normally on paper. Printmaking normally covers only the process of creating prints that have an element of originality, rather than just being a photographic reproduction of a painting. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable of producing multiples of the same piece, which is called a print. Each print produced is considered an 'original' work of art, and is correctly referred to as an 'impression', not a 'copy' (that means a different print copying the first, common in early printmaking). Often impressions vary considerably, whether intentionally or not. The images on most prints are created for that purpose, perhaps with a preparatory study such as a drawing. A print that copies another work of art, especially a painting, is known as a 'reproductive print'. Albrecht Dürer,Hans Burgkmair,Ugo da Carpi,Hiroshige,Hokusai,Frans Masereel,Gustave Baumann, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner,Eric SlaterAntonio FrasconiHonoré Daumier,Vincent van Gogh,George Bellows,Pierre Bonnard,Edvard Munch,Emil Nolde,Pablo Picasso,Odilon Redon,Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec,Salvador Dalí,M. C. Escher,Willem de Kooning,Joan Miró,Stow Wengenroth,Elaine de Kooning,Louise NevelsonJosef Albers,Ralston Crawford,Gene Davis.Robert Indiana,Roy Lichtenstein,Julian Opie,Bridget Riley,Edward Ruscha,Andy Warhol.Istvan Horkay, Ralph Goings, Enrique Chagoya Printmaking is the process of creating artworks by printing, normally on paper. Printmaking normally covers only the process of creating prints that have an element of originality, rather than just being a photographic reproduction of a painting. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable of producing multiples of the same piece, which is called a print. Each print produced is considered an 'original' work of art, and is correctly referred to as an 'impression', not a 'copy' (that means a different print copying the first, common in early printmaking). Often impressions vary considerably, whether intentionally or not. The images on most prints are created for that purpose, perhaps with a preparatory study such as a drawing. A print that copies another work of art, especially a painting, is known as a 'reproductive print'. Prints are created by transferring ink from a matrix to a sheet of paper or other material, by a variety of techniques. Common types of matrices include: metal plates, usually copper or zinc, or polymer plates for engraving or etching; stone, aluminum, or polymer for lithography; blocks of wood for woodcuts and wood engravings; and linoleum for linocuts. Screens made of silk or synthetic fabrics are used for the screenprinting process. Other types of matrix substrates and related processes are discussed below. Multiple impressions printed from the same matrix form an edition. Since the late 19th century, artists have generally signed individual impressions from an edition and often number the impressions to form a limited edition; the matrix is then destroyed so that no more prints can be produced. Prints may also be printed in book form, such as illustrated books or artist's books.

[ "Painting", "Drypoint", "Linocut", "Aquatint", "Collagraphy" ]
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