In taxonomy, Aeropyrum is a genus of the Desulfurococcaceae. The name Aeropyrum derives from:Greek noun aer, aeros (ἀήρ, ἀέρος), air; Greek neuter gender noun pur, fire; New Latin neuter gender noun Aeropyrum, air fire, referring to the hyperthermophilic respirative character of the organism. The genus contains 2 species (including basonyms and synonyms), namely