Fleischer (or Fleisher) is a common German and Yiddish family name. Its literal meaning is 'butcher'. Other German family names with the same meaning include Metzger, Mezger, Fleischman, and Fleischmann. Fleischer (or Fleisher) is a common German and Yiddish family name. Its literal meaning is 'butcher'. Other German family names with the same meaning include Metzger, Mezger, Fleischman, and Fleischmann.