Portrait painting

Portrait painting is a genre in painting, where the intent is to depict a human subject. The term 'portrait painting' can also describe the actual painted portrait. Portraitists may create their work by commission, for public and private persons, or they may be inspired by admiration or affection for the subject. Portraits are often important state and family records, as well as remembrances.Robert Campin (c. 1375 – 1444), Portrait of a Young Woman (paired with her husband), 1430–1435. Van der Weyden's style was founded on Campin's.Arnolfini Portrait, by Jan van Eyck, 1434Jean Wauquelin presenting his 'Chroniques de Hainaut' to Philip the Good, presentation miniature by Rogier van der Weyden, 1448Rogier van der Weyden, Portrait of a Lady, c. 1460One of the earliest stand-alone self-portraits, Jean Fouquet, c. 1450If the poet says that he can inflame men with love…the painter has the power to do the same…in that he can place in front of the loverthe true likeness of one who is beloved,often making him kiss and speak to it.–Leonardo de' VinciA very high degree of grace in the light and shadow is added to the faces of those who sit in the doorways of rooms that are dark, where the eyes of the observer see the shadowed part of the face obscured by the shadows of the room, and see the lighted part of the face with the greater brilliance which the air gives it. Through this increase in the shadows and the lights, the face is given greater relief.Pisanello, perhaps Ginevra d'Este, c. 1440Young Man by Sandro Botticelli, c. 1483. An early Italian full-face pose.Possibly Raphael, c. 1518, Isabel de Requesens. The High Renaissance style and format were enormously influential for later grand portraits.Christiane von Eulenau by Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1534Lucrezia Panciatichi, by Agnolo Bronzino, 1540Pope Paul III and His Grandsons, Titian, 1546Maarten van Heemskerck (1498–1574), Family of Pieter Jan Foppesz, prior to c.1532, considered the first family portrait, in Dutch portraiture.Charles V by Titian, 1548, a seminal equestrian portrait.The Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I of England, c. 1588. The stylised portraiture of Elizabeth I of England was unique in Europe.Portrait of a cardinal, probably Fernando Niño de Guevara, El Greco, c. 1600Philip IV in Brown and Silver, Diego Velázquez, 1632Sir Kenelm Digby by Anthony Van Dyck, c. 1640Rembrandt van Rijn, Portrait of Jan Six, 1654Pastel of Madame de Pompadour, Maurice Quentin de La Tour, mid-18th centuryThomas Kerrich (1748-1828), by Pompeo BatoniJohn Durand, The Rapalje Children, 1768, New-York Historical Society, New York CityJohn Singleton Copley, Paul Revere, 1770Francisco de Goya, Charles IV of Spain and His Family, 1800–1801Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, portrait of Napoleon on his Imperial Throne, 1806, Musée de l'Armée, ParisJacques-Louis David, Napoleon in His Study (1812), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.Gustave Courbet, Portrait of Charles Baudelaire, 1848Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Portrait of Alfred Sisley, 1868James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Arrangement in Grey and Black: The Artist's Mother (1871) popularly known as Whistler's MotherEdgar Degas, Portrait of Miss Cassatt, Seated, Holding Cards, 1876-1878John Singer Sargent, Portrait of Robert Louis Stevenson, 1887Paul Gauguin, The Painter of Sunflowers, Portrait of Vincent van Gogh, 1888Vincent van Gogh, Portrait of Doctor Gachet, (first version), 1890Henri Matisse, The Green Stripe, Portrait of Madame Matisse, 1905Olga Boznańska, Self-portrait, 1906, National Museum in WarsawUmberto Boccioni, Self-portrait, 1906Gustav Klimt, Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I, 1907Pablo Picasso, Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler, 1910, The Art Institute of ChicagoJuan Gris, Portrait of Pablo Picasso, 1912Amedeo Modigliani, Portrait of Chaim Soutine, 1916Boris Grigoriev, Portrait of Vsevolod Meyerhold, 1916Boris Kustodiev, Kapitsa and Semyonov, 1921Ottoman Sultan Selim II, c. 1570Lady by Nainsukh, a court painter in the small Rajput state of Jasrota, 1750s. Pahari painting.Shah Fath Ali Shah, by Mihr 'Ali, c. 1813Portrait of Ho Bun (何斌), a late Ming Dynasty Scholar-bureaucrat, late 16th century to early 17th century, ChineseThree Beauties of the Present Day by Utamaro, 1793 Portrait painting is a genre in painting, where the intent is to depict a human subject. The term 'portrait painting' can also describe the actual painted portrait. Portraitists may create their work by commission, for public and private persons, or they may be inspired by admiration or affection for the subject. Portraits are often important state and family records, as well as remembrances. Historically, portrait paintings have primarily memorialized the rich and powerful. Over time, however, it became more common for middle-class patrons to commission portraits of their families and colleagues. Today, portrait paintings are still commissioned by governments, corporations, groups, clubs, and individuals. In addition to painting, portraits can also be made in other media such as prints (including etching and lithography), photography, video and digital media.