A petrographic microscope is a type of optical microscope used in petrology and optical mineralogy to identify rocks and minerals in thin sections. The microscope is used in optical mineralogy and petrography, a branch of petrology which focuses on detailed descriptions of rocks. The method is called 'polarized light microscopy' (PLM).Depending on the grade of observation required, petrological microscopes are derived from conventional brightfield microscopes of similar basic capabilities by: A petrographic microscope is a type of optical microscope used in petrology and optical mineralogy to identify rocks and minerals in thin sections. The microscope is used in optical mineralogy and petrography, a branch of petrology which focuses on detailed descriptions of rocks. The method is called 'polarized light microscopy' (PLM).Depending on the grade of observation required, petrological microscopes are derived from conventional brightfield microscopes of similar basic capabilities by: