The Spitzer resistivity η S p {displaystyle eta _{Sp}} , or its opposite the Spitzer conductivity σ S p = 1 / η S p {displaystyle sigma _{Sp}=1/eta _{Sp}} first formulated by Lyman Spitzer in 1950, is an equation showing the electrical resistance in a plasma decreases in proportion to the electron temperature as T e − 3 / 2 {displaystyle T_{e}^{-3/2}} . The Spitzer resistivity η S p {displaystyle eta _{Sp}} , or its opposite the Spitzer conductivity σ S p = 1 / η S p {displaystyle sigma _{Sp}=1/eta _{Sp}} first formulated by Lyman Spitzer in 1950, is an equation showing the electrical resistance in a plasma decreases in proportion to the electron temperature as T e − 3 / 2 {displaystyle T_{e}^{-3/2}} . The Spitzer resistivity is a classical model of electrical resistivity commonly used in plasma physics, based upon electron-ion collisions. The transverse Spitzer resistivity is given by: